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Clarence Ussher
Clarence Douglas Ussher (September 9, 1870 – September 20, 1955) was an American physician and missionary in the Van region during the Armenian Genocide, where he reported that 55,000 Armenians had been killed.〔 In 1917 Ussher published a memoir regarding his experience in Van, titled ''An American Physician in Turkey: A Narrative of Adventures in Peace and War''. It is considered one of the most detailed eyewitness accounts of the events. Ussher openly blamed the Turkish government for the systematic massacres of Armenians.〔 His accounts of the Armenian Genocide were depicted in the 2002 film ''Ararat''. He was the husband of Elizabeth Barrows Ussher.
==Early life and work==
Clarence Douglas Ussher was born on September 9, 1870 in Aurora, Illinois. His father became the Bishop of Canada and eventually moved with the family to Montreal. In Montreal, Ussher received his early education; he continued his studies at the Reformed Episcopal Seminary in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.〔 After spending some time in Wyoming for missionary work, he moved to Kansas City, where he continued his studies at the University Medical College.〔
After graduation, Ussher remained in Kansas City until 1898, when he decided to join the global missionary movement. Setting his work aside in Kansas City, Ussher was sent by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM)〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.armenian-genocide.org/Education.69/current_category.122/resourceguide_detail.html )〕 to Harput, Ottoman Empire, where he was also to pursue his career as a practicing physician. Turkish sensitivities to the Armenian Question became evident to Ussher at the Ottoman border, where his dictionary was confiscated because it contained the words "liberty" and "revolution"—forbidden in Turkey at this time to Armenian and Turk alike; the customs officers also demanded the removal of maps from Ussher's Bible because they contained the word "Armenia".
Ussher remained in Harput for a year, after which he was sent to Van because the village required a physician. When he arrived in Van, he noticed that the village was still heavily damaged from the Hamidian massacre and the population still traumatized. Ussher immediately began his work in orphanages where hundreds of Armenian orphans of the Hamidian massacres were being housed. Ussher distrusted the 1908 governor of Van, opining that he "used every means in his power to incite Armenians to revolt in order to have a pretext for massacring them".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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